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Portugal is known to have over 250 native grape varieties. Some of these are grown commercially to make table wine, Port, and Madeira. Others are minor or historic, and some are nearly extinct. Many of Portugal’s native grapes are rarely found outside the country and have adapted over centuries to varied climates and soils. Notable grapes include the reds, Touriga Nacional, Alfrocheiro, Baga, and Castelão; and among the whites, Alvarinho, Malvasia Fina, Encruzado, and Verdelho. For comparison, Italy and France also have very high numbers of native grapes—over 370 and 200 varieties have been documented respectively.